This series of three working papers, and a Synthesis, presents results of field research and outreach over the past two years to understand organizational, finance and sustainability challenges inked to Indonesian smallholder oil palm farming. The series will help to inform how farmer support programs can be designed, how to…

This working paper highlighted that smallholder farmer needs vary tremendously with local conditions, but in general most farmers experience five main challenges to some degree, including: organizational, productivity, financial, legal and sustainability challenges.